Urban heat island: temperature climate trends in central Arizona-Phoenix: period 1948 to 2007
Author(s):
- Anthony Brazel, Arizona State University
- Hannah Mensing
Abstract:
The question was to what degree are summer minimum temperature climate trends in the latter half of the 20th and early part of the 21st century attributed to local urban development as opposed to global climate change? The approach was to select a range of towns/cities in CA, NV, and AZ for which a pairing of sites from a town/city and a site outside that town/city was possible. Climate records for the period 1948 to 2007 were accessed, and statistical time trends determined for the urban vs. rural locations for towns/cities over a considerable range of population (i.e., from 3.5K to 3.2M).
The urban heat island effect increased with the natural log of the population, ranging from a total change in minimum monthly temperatures of ca. 1.5F to over 12F over the population range of 3.5K to 3.2M. These rates of change in the 1948-2007 period overwhelm any background global climate change, with the exception of the rural sites and smaller towns.
This study for the first time identified the temperature trends of a range of towns and cities in the Sonoran and Mojave deserts to unravel the impact of urban warming from that of global warming in the contemporary global warming era sometimes called the Anthropocene era. Previous literature investigatin these sites were only up to 1984 or did not address the urban warming contribution. The impact depends on land cover and extent of population development over time.
Keywords:
Temporal Coverage:
1948-01-01 to 2007-12-31Geographic Coverage:
Geographic Description: Cities and comparable rural areas in the Southwestern USBounding Coordinates:
Longitude:-119.78333 to -109.6
Latitude:39.466667 to 31.416667
Contact:
Information Manager, Global Institute of Sustainability, Arizona State University,POB 875402,TEMPE
caplter.data@asu.edu
Methods used in producing this dataset: Show
Data Files (2) :
Tabular: 264_minmaxdata_1.csv
Description: Temperature trends in urban and rural between 1950 and
2000
Column | Description | Type | Units |
---|---|---|---|
data_id | Automatically generated sequential record ID
number |
integer | |
site_id | Site ID as used in sites table |
float | |
junemin_c | 1950-2000 decade rate (in degrees per decade) of the trend
of June monthly minimum temp |
float | celsius |
junemin_r | correlation coefficient of time vs C per decade June min
temp |
float | dimensionless |
junemin_sig | Significance value |
float | dimensionless |
junemax_c | 1950-2000 decade rate (in degrees per decade) of the trend
of June monthly maximum temp |
float | celsius |
junemax_r | correlation coefficient of time vs C per decade June max
temp |
float | dimensionless |
junemax_sig | Significance value |
float | dimensionless |
annual_c | 1950-2000 decade rate (in degrees per decade) of the trend
of annual average temp |
float | celsius |
annual_r | correlation coefficient of time vs C per decade average
annual temp |
float | dimensionless |
annual_sig | Significance value |
float | dimensionless |
pop_1950 | the population in the place in 1950 from the
census |
float | number |
pop_2000 | the population in the place in 2000 from the
census |
float | number |
pop_diff | the difference in pop |
float | number |
r_lu_su | lu - large urban, su - small urban, and r -
rural |
string | |
yrs_missing | years missing measurements 1950-2000 |
float | number |
Tabular: 264_sites_1.csv
Description: Study sites description
Column | Description | Type | Units |
---|---|---|---|
site_id | Automotacially generated sequential site
ID |
float | |
station_num | Station ID as used by the networks |
float | |
site_name | Station Name |
string | |
ushgn | whether or not the station is part of the Historic US
network |
float | |
latitude | Latitude |
float | dimensionless |
longitude | Longitude |
float | dimensionless |
elevation_ft | Elevation |
float | foot |
elevation_m | Elevation |
float | meter |
state | US state the station is located in |
string | |
site_description | Combined Station name and state field for internal
use |
string |